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:''For discussion of Jesus in a comparative mythological and religious context, see Jesus Christ in comparative mythology, and for the body of myths associated with Christianity, see Christian mythology. For the scholarly study of the life of Jesus, see Historical Jesus, for analysis of information supporting the historical existence of Jesus, see Historicity of Jesus and Sources for the historicity of Jesus, and for the debate over the validity of stories in the New Testament, see Historical reliability of the Gospels. The Christ myth theory (also known as the Jesus myth theory, Jesus mythicism or simply mythicism) is the hypothesis that Jesus of Nazareth never existed; or if he did, that he had virtually nothing to do with the founding of Christianity and the accounts in the gospels.〔Bart Ehrman, ''Did Jesus Exist?'' Harper Collins, 2012, p. 12, ""In simpler terms, the historical Jesus did not exist . Or if he did, he had virtually nothing to do with the founding of Christianity." further quoting as authoritative the fuller definition provided by Earl Doherty in ''Jesus: Neither God Nor Man.'' Age of Reason, 2009, pp. vii-viii: it is "the theory that no historical Jesus worthy of the name existed, that Christianity began with a belief in a spiritual, mythical figure, that the Gospels are essentially allegory and fiction, and that no single identifiable person lay at the root of the Galilean preaching tradition."〕 The Christ myth theory contradicts the mainstream view in historical Jesus research, which accepts that there are events described in the gospels that are not historical but which still assumes that the gospels are founded on a basic historical core. Different proponents espouse slightly different versions of the Christ myth theory, but many proponents of the theory use a three-fold argument first developed in the 19th century: * that the New Testament has no historical value * that there are no non-Christian references to Jesus Christ dating back to the first century * that Christianity had pagan or mythical roots.〔"Jesus Outside the New Testament" Robert E. Van Voorst, 2000, p=8-9〕 The core tenets of the Christ myth theory trace their history back through the Enlightenment to the conflicts in the first Christian centuries.〔God is Not Great, Christopher Hitchens, 2007, Chapter 8〕〔"The Messiah Myth: The Near Eastern Roots of Jesus and David" Thomas L. Thompson Basic Book Perseus Books' 2005〕 Despite this there remains a strong consensus in historical-critical biblical scholarship that a historical Jesus did live in that area and in that time period.〔James D. G. Dunn "Paul's understanding of the death of Jesus" in ''Sacrifice and Redemption'' edited by S. W. Sykes (Dec 3, 2007) Cambridge University Press ISBN 052104460X pages 35-36〕〔''Jesus Now and Then'' by Richard A. Burridge and Graham Gould (Apr 1, 2004) ISBN 0802809774 page 34〕〔''Jesus'' by Michael Grant 2004 ISBN 1898799881 page 200〕〔''The Gospels and Jesus'' by Graham Stanton, 1989 ISBN 0192132415 Oxford University Press, page 145〕〔Robert E. Van Voorst ''Jesus Outside the New Testament: An Introduction to the Ancient Evidence'' Eerdmans Publishing, 2000. ISBN 0-8028-4368-9 page 16〕〔B. Ehrman, 2011 ''Forged : writing in the name of God'' ISBN 978-0-06-207863-6. page 285〕 However, scholars differ on the historicity of specific episodes described in the Biblical accounts of Jesus,〔''Jesus as a Figure in History: How Modern Historians View the Man from Galilee'' by Mark Allan Powell 1998 ISBN 0-664-25703-8 page 181〕 and the only two events subject to "almost universal assent" are that Jesus was baptized by John the Baptist and was crucified by the order of the Roman Prefect Pontius Pilate〔''Jesus Remembered'' by James D. G. Dunn 2003 ISBN 0-8028-3931-2 page 339 states of baptism and crucifixion that these "two facts in the life of Jesus command almost universal assent".〕〔''Prophet and Teacher: An Introduction to the Historical Jesus'' by William R. Herzog (4 Jul 2005) ISBN 0664225284 pages 1-6〕 (although some argue that "the only thing New Testament scholars seem to agree on is Jesus’ historical existence" ). Some scholars have made the case that there are a number of plausible "Jesuses" that could have existed, that there can be no certainty as to which Jesus was the historical Jesus.〔''Is This Not the Carpenter?: The Question of the Historicity of the Figure of Jesus'', Ed. By Thomas L. Thompson and Thomas S. Verenna, 2012〕〔(Davies' article ''Does Jesus Exist?'' at bibleinterp.com )〕 ==Notable proponents== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Christ myth theory」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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